Bird Thermodynamic
Thermodynamic Processes (Drinking Bird)?
I need someone to give me a real basic overview of the thermodynamic processes that occur in a drinking bird (the kind that dips its beak into a cup of water). I need to explain the cyclic process by showing which parts of the cycle are isothermal, adiabatic…etc. Here’s the chemical explanation of the cycle for those interested. This doesn’t have to be in depth I just need need to identify which parts are which. http://www.howstuffworks.com/question608.htm
The thermodynamic laws:
0. Zeroth law of thermodynamics. If two thermodynamic systems are separately in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.
1. First law. The change in the internal energy of a closed thermodynamic system is equal to the sum of the amount of heat energy supplied to the system and the work done on the system.
2. Second law. The total entropy of any isolated thermodynamic system tends to increase over time, approaching a maximum value.
3. Third law. As a system asymptotically approaches absolute zero of temperature all processes virtually cease and the entropy of the system asymptotically approaches a minimum value; also stated as: “the entropy of all systems and of all states of a system is zero at absolute zero” or equivalently “it is impossible to reach the absolute zero of temperature by any finite number of processes”.
The way the bird works is through the first law. “The change in the internal energy of a closed thermodynamic system is equal to the sum of the amount of heat energy supplied to the system and the work done on the system.” So, what’s going on in that bird anyway? You have a liquid, probably alcohol (not that kind of alcohol) in a near vaccuum. Pulling from your old chemistry and physics classes, liquids will boil in a vaccuum with very little additional heat; conversely, liquid under high pressure will boil only at very high temperatures (e.g., pressure cooker).
So, what’s going on in that bird? Starting from the upright position, the bulb at the bottom of the bird will boil easily, and with ambient room temperature, it is evaporating to the top of the bird (its head). Since the top bulb is covered in a fuzzy material that is soaked in alcohol (not that alcohol) or water, it will evaporate to the room, cooling the head. As the alcohol in the bird makes its way up to the head, the temperature drops because of the exterior evaporation. This alcohol, in the bird’s head, then condenses and settles into bowl-like structure inside the glass. Once enough of this alcohol is captured, it outweighs the bottom, causing it to tip forward. Once the bird is horizontal, the alcohol is released from the bowl and it stands back upright.
Or something like that.
Heat transfer, conservation of mass/energy and the 1st law.
Thermodynamic Drinking Birds
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